The Massachusetts Jury Instruction — 1.9.5.2 Subsidiary as Alter Ego of Parent Corporation refers to a legal concept often encountered in business litigation cases. It involves determining whether a subsidiary company can be treated as the alter ego of its parent corporation, essentially disregarding their separate legal status and holding the parent corporation liable for the subsidiary's actions or obligations. This jury instruction addresses the circumstances under which a subsidiary company can be considered an alter ego of its parent corporation in Massachusetts courts. It provides guidance to juries in understanding the factors to consider when determining if the parent corporation can be held responsible for the subsidiary's conduct. Relevant keywords: 1. Subsidiary company: This refers to a company that is partially or fully controlled by another company, known as the parent corporation. 2. Alter ego: This term represents a legal doctrine that allows courts to disregard the separate legal identities of corporations or other entities and hold them financially responsible for one another's liabilities. 3. Parent corporation: The primary company that has control and ownership over the subsidiary company. 4. Liability: The legal responsibility for actions or debts. The Massachusetts Jury Instruction — 1.9.5.2 does not involve different types or variations. Instead, it serves as a guideline to help juries evaluate whether the subsidiary company should be treated as an alter ego of the parent corporation in specific cases. This jury instruction aims to ensure fairness and accountability in corporate relationships, preventing parent corporations from using subsidiaries to shield themselves from legal obligations or liabilities. By considering factors such as control, identity, commingling of funds, and the existence of formalities, juries can determine if the subsidiary and parent should be treated as a single entity, thus enforcing liability on the parent corporation. It is important to note that the Massachusetts Jury Instruction — 1.9.5.2 Subsidiary as Alter Ego of Parent Corporation is specifically relevant to cases involving corporate law, business disputes, and shareholder litigation in Massachusetts courts. It serves as a crucial tool in facilitating fair outcomes and protecting the interests of all parties involved.