In 2009, the Federal Trade Commission made several changes to the FTCs Guides Concerning the Use of Endorsements and Testimonials in Advertising, which address endorsements by consumers, experts, organizations, and celebrities, as well as the disclosure of important connections between advertisers and endorsers. The Guides were last updated in 1980.
Celebrity endorsers are addressed in the revised Guides. While the 1980 Guides did not explicitly state that endorsers as well as advertisers could be liable under the FTC Act for statements they make in an endorsement, the revised Guides reflect Commission case law and clearly state that both advertisers and endorsers may be liable for false or unsubstantiated claims made in an endorsement or for failure to disclose material connections between the advertiser and endorsers. The revised Guides also make it clear that celebrities have a duty to disclose their relationships with advertisers when making endorsements outside the context of traditional ads, such as on talk shows or in social media. Note Section XI of this form.
The term Infomercial refers to an information commercial (usually 15 to 30 minutes long) that is presented more like a talk show than a commercial promotion. Infomercials are aired normally at fringe times (late night to early morning), and aim at building awareness of a product or service by demonstrating its use and benefits. Typically, they include an attractive direct response offer (with toll-free numbers) designed to elicit on-the-spot orders.
