The Michigan Reference Questionnaire (MR) is a survey instrument used to assess attitudes and behaviors related to the use of alcohol, tobacco, and other substances. The MR was developed by the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research and is used in a variety of settings, including research studies, public health surveys, and clinical practice. The MR consists of a series of questions related to substance use, such as age of first use, frequency of use, and perceived consequences of use. The questions are designed to assess individual attitudes and behaviors, as well as peer norms and environmental influences. The MR has two versions: the short version (MRS) and the long version (HRQoL). The MRS is used in public health surveys and clinical practice, while the HRQoL is used in research studies. Both versions of the MR have been found to be reliable and valid measures of substance use attitudes and behaviors.