Michigan Jury Instruction — 1.1.3 Public Employee Equal Protection Claim Race and or Sex Discrimination Hostile Work Environment — Separate Liability is a legal instruction used in cases involving public employees who have experienced race or sex discrimination in the form of a hostile work environment. This instruction is intended to guide the jury in determining liability for the discrimination claims brought by the plaintiff. In such cases, the plaintiff must prove that they are a public employee and have been subjected to discriminatory conduct based on their race or sex, which has resulted in a hostile work environment. The instruction outlines the elements that need to be proven, the burden of proof, and the legal standards applied. The following are essential keywords relevant to this instruction: 1. Public Employee: Refers to individuals employed by governmental entities, such as state, county, or municipal agencies. 2. Equal Protection Claim: A legal doctrine that guarantees equal protection of the laws to all individuals within a jurisdiction. It prohibits discrimination on the basis of race or sex. 3. Race Discrimination: Unfair or prejudicial treatment of an individual based on their race, ethnic background, or characteristics related to race. 4. Sex Discrimination: Unfair treatment based on an individual's sex or gender, including actions such as harassment, unfavorable job assignments, or denial of career development opportunities. 5. Hostile Work Environment: A work environment that is perceived as intimidating, offensive, or abusive, and interferes with an individual's ability to perform their job duties. This can include harassing behavior, offensive comments, or discriminatory actions by colleagues or supervisors. 6. Separate Liability: Refers to the possibility that multiple parties may be held responsible for a violation or harm in a legal claim. In this context, it indicates that liability for the hostile work environment claim can be determined separately from other types of claims, such as a disparate treatment claim. Different Types of Michigan Jury Instruction — 1.1.3 Public Employee Equal Protection Claim Race and or Sex Discrimination Hostile Work Environment — Separate Liability may include variations based on the specific circumstances of the case, the nature of the discrimination, or specialized jury instructions requested by either party. It is crucial for attorneys and jurors involved in these cases to understand and apply the instruction accurately to ensure a fair and just legal process.