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It is not required that the government prove guilt beyond all possible doubt. A reasonable doubt is a doubt based upon reason and common sense and is not based purely on speculation. It may arise from a careful and impartial consideration of all the evidence, or from lack of evidence.
If after considering all of the evidence, including any evidence that another person committed the offense, you have a reasonable doubt that the defendant committed the offense, you must find the defendant not guilty. Motive is not an element of the crime charged and need not be proven by the prosecution.
Reasonable doubt exists when you are not firmly convinced of the Defendant's guilt, after you have weighed and considered all the evidence. A Defendant must not be convicted on suspicion or speculation. It is not enough for the State to show that the Defendant is probably guilty.
Defense attorneys can introduce reasonable doubt by challenging the credibility of witnesses, presenting alternative explanations for the evidence, and highlighting inconsistencies in the prosecution's case.
The deliberate ignorance instruction should be given only when evidence has been presented showing the defendant purposely contrived to avoid learning the truth. The defendant must deny knowledge and must engage in conduct which includes deliberate acts to avoid actual knowledge of the operant fact.
This means that the prosecution must convince the jury that there is no other reasonable explanation that can come from the evidence presented at trial. In other words, the jury must be virtually certain of the defendant's guilt in order to render a guilty verdict.
This means that the prosecution must convince the jury that there is no other reasonable explanation that can come from the evidence presented at trial. In other words, the jury must be virtually certain of the defendant's guilt in order to render a guilty verdict.
The Ninth Circuit explained: A deliberate ignorance?or "willful blindness"?instruction is only relevant if the jury rejects the government's evidence of actual knowledge. United States v. Heredia, 483 F.