Montana Jury Instruction — General Conspiracy Charge is a legal instruction provided to juries in Montana when deliberating a conspiracy case. Conspiracy is a criminal offense that involves two or more individuals agreeing and working together to commit an unlawful act or achieve an unlawful purpose. This charge is covered under the Montana Criminal Code, specifically Title 45, Chapter 8, Part 4. The instruction outlines the elements that the jury must consider when determining whether the defendant(s) are guilty of conspiracy. The elements generally include: 1. Agreement: The prosecution must prove that there was an agreement between two or more individuals to commit a specific illegal act or to engage in illegal conduct. 2. Intent: The prosecution must establish that each conspirator intentionally participated in the agreement, knowing its unlawful nature and intending to achieve the criminal objective. 3. Overt Act: In Montana, it is necessary to show that at least one of the conspirators committed an overt act in furtherance of the agreed-upon illegal plan. The act doesn't need to be criminal in itself; it only needs to demonstrate advancement or implementation of the conspiracy. 4. Identity: The prosecution must identify the defendants who were involved in the conspiracy. Not all individuals need to be named, but the prosecution should establish the involvement of each defendant as a conspirator. Montana may have various types or variations of the General Conspiracy Charge jury instructions, depending on the specific circumstances of the case. These variations could include: 1. Generic Conspiracy Charge: This instruction covers general conspiracy cases where individuals agree and work together to commit a specific unlawful act. 2. Drug Conspiracy Charge: Montana may have specific jury instructions for drug-related conspiracy cases, where individuals conspire to manufacture, distribute, possess, or traffic illegal drugs. 3. RICO Conspiracy Charge: The Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) provides a framework for prosecuting individuals involved in organized criminal enterprises. In certain cases, Montana may have distinct jury instructions for conspiracy charges related to RICO offenses. 4. Conspiracy to Commit Fraud: Montana might have specific instructions for cases where the alleged conspiracy revolves around fraudulent activities such as embezzlement, identity theft, or other financial crimes. It is essential for the jury to understand these instructions in order to make an informed decision about the guilt or innocence of the defendants. They must carefully evaluate the evidence presented by the prosecution and determine whether the elements of conspiracy have been proven beyond a reasonable doubt.