Nebraska Jury Instruction — Pinkerton Instruction refers to a specific type of jury instruction that is commonly used in criminal cases in the state of Nebraska. The Pinkerton Instruction is based on the legal principle established in the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case of Pinkerton v. United States, which allows for the attribution of liability to co-conspirators for the reasonably foreseeable crimes committed in furtherance of the conspiracy. The Pinkerton Instruction is primarily used when multiple defendants are charged with a crime that was allegedly committed as part of a conspiracy. It allows the jury to find one or more defendants guilty of the substantive offense committed by another co-conspirator if the crime was reasonably foreseeable and committed in furtherance of the conspiracy. This means that even if a defendant did not directly participate in the criminal act, they can still be held accountable if they were part of the conspiracy that led to the crime. In Nebraska, there are different types of Pinkerton Instructions that can be given to the jury, depending on the specific circumstances of the case. These include: 1. Pinkerton Instruction for Conspiracy: This instruction is used when the defendant is charged with both conspiracy and the substantive offense. It allows the jury to find the defendant guilty of the substantive offense if they find that the defendant was part of the conspiracy and the crime was reasonably foreseeable. 2. Pinkerton Instruction for Co-Conspirator Liability: This instruction is used when the defendant is only charged with the substantive offense but not conspiracy. It allows the jury to find the defendant guilty of the substantive offense if they find that the defendant was part of the conspiracy and the crime was reasonably foreseeable. 3. Pinkerton Instruction for Foreseeability: This instruction focuses specifically on the foreseeability element of the Pinkerton doctrine. It instructs the jury to consider whether the crime committed by a co-conspirator was reasonably foreseeable based on the defendant's involvement in the conspiracy. Overall, the Nebraska Jury Instruction — Pinkerton Instruction plays a crucial role in holding co-conspirators accountable for their actions by allowing the jury to attribute liability for a crime committed in furtherance of the conspiracy. It ensures that individuals involved in criminal activities cannot escape responsibility by claiming innocence merely due to their lack of direct involvement in the actual crime.