In New York, the jury instruction on impeachment allows the introduction of evidence regarding a witness's bad reputation or unfavorable opinion concerning their truthfulness. This instruction may be used with sections 6.1 – 6.6 of the New York Jury Instructions. There are several types of New York Jury Instruction Impeachmenten— - Bad Reputation or Opinion Concerning Truthfulness — that may be relevant to different scenarios in a trial. Some of them include: 1. Bad Reputation for Truth and Veracity: This instruction allows the jury to consider evidence of the witness's general bad reputation for truthfulness as a means to undermine their credibility. If multiple witnesses or sources can attest to the witness's trustworthiness, it may significantly impact the jury's assessment of their testimony. 2. Opinion of the Witness Regarding Truth and Veracity: This instruction permits the introduction of evidence about the unfavorable opinions expressed by others concerning the witness's truthfulness. For instance, if a witness's colleagues or acquaintances have consistently doubted their honesty, it may cast doubt on their credibility. 3. Specific Instances of Conduct Regarding Truth and Veracity: Under this instruction, the jury may be allowed to consider specific instances of the witness's conduct that demonstrate their lack of truthfulness. These instances should be relevant to the case at hand and establish a pattern or propensity of dishonesty. 4. Bias or Interest: While not directly related to bad reputation or opinion concerning truthfulness, this instruction allows the jury to consider evidence indicating that the witness may have a bias or personal interest that influences their testimony. This type of evidence can help the jury contextualize the witness's motives and potentially question their reliability. 5. Prior Convictions or Crimes Involving Dishonesty: This instruction allows evidence of the witness's prior convictions or involvement in crimes related to dishonesty, such as perjury or fraud, to be presented to the jury. Such evidence can significantly impact the witness's credibility, as it indicates a willingness to deceive in the past. It is important to note that the relevancy and admissibility of such evidence will depend on the specific facts and circumstances of each case, as determined by the judge. The jury will then use these instructions to assess the credibility and trustworthiness of the witnesses, assisting them in determining the weight to assign to the testimony provided.