New York Jury Instruction — Aiding AnAbettingin— - Agency - 1 8 USC Sect. 2 In criminal law, aiding and abetting refers to the act of assisting, encouraging, or supporting another person in the commission of a crime. New York Jury Instruction — Aiding AnAbettingin— - Agency - 1 8 USC Sect. 2 encompasses the specific instructions given to the jury when assessing cases that involve aiding and abetting charges under the relevant federal statute, 18 USC Sect. 2. When it comes to aiding and abetting, the element of agency plays a crucial role. Agency refers to the legal relationship between two parties, where one person (the agent) acts on behalf of another (the principal). In cases involving federal charges under 18 USC Sect. 2, the jury needs to consider the relationship between the principal and the alleged aider and abettor. Here are some key points that may be covered in New York Jury Instruction — Aiding AnAbettingin— - Agency - 1 8 USC Sect. 2: 1. Principal-Agent Relationship: The jury instruction would emphasize the necessity to establish a principal-agent relationship between the alleged aider and abettor and the principal offender. This is fundamental in determining whether the aider and abettor can be held accountable for the criminal acts of the principal. 2. Knowledge and Intent: The jury must consider whether the aider and abettor had knowledge of the principal's criminal intentions and specifically intended to assist or encourage the commission of the crime. Mere presence at the crime scene or passive acquiescence may not be sufficient to establish guilt; the intent to aid and abet must be proven. 3. Willful Participation: The instruction would outline that the aider and abettor willingly participated in the criminal activity, either through actions or words. Their active contribution to the commission of the crime is a pivotal factor in determining their guilt or innocence. 4. Foreseeability: The jury might be instructed on the concept of foreseeability, highlighting that the aider and abettor must have reasonably foreseen that their assistance or encouragement would contribute to the commission of the crime. If the act committed by the principal was not reasonably foreseeable, the aider and abettor might not be held liable. It is important to note that while these are some general aspects that may be covered in New York Jury Instruction — Aiding AnAbettingin— - Agency - 1 8 USC Sect. 2, variations can exist depending on the specific circumstances of each case. Jury instructions are tailored to suit the facts presented during the trial, ensuring fairness and thorough analysis.