Ohio Salt Water Disposal Lease refers to a contractual agreement between a property owner and an energy company for the disposal of saltwater generated from oil and gas operations within the state of Ohio. Saltwater, also known as produced water, is a byproduct of oil and gas extraction processes and contains high levels of salt, minerals, and other contaminants. In Ohio, where the oil and gas industry is thriving, the proper disposal of saltwater is crucial to protect the environment and maintain the quality of water resources. The Ohio Salt Water Disposal Lease allows energy companies to use designated areas on a property for the safe and regulated disposal of saltwater. These leases outline various terms and conditions, including the duration of the lease, the amount of saltwater allowed for disposal, the rental fees, and any environmental or regulatory compliance obligations. The lease agreement ensures that the property owner receives compensation for the use of their land while safeguarding against any potential liability for improper disposal. Different types of Ohio Salt Water Disposal Leases include: 1. Surface Lease: This type of lease allows energy companies to access the surface area of the property for constructing and operating saltwater disposal facilities. It typically covers the land used for access roads, treatment facilities, storage tanks, and other infrastructure necessary for the disposal process. 2. Subsurface Lease: In some cases, energy companies may require access to subsurface areas, such as underground wells or injection zones, for the effective and safe disposal of saltwater. A subsurface lease grants the right to use or access these specific areas for disposal purposes. 3. Royalty Lease: A royalty lease is a type of agreement where the property owner receives a percentage of the revenues generated by the energy company from the disposal activities. This type of lease provides the property owner with an ongoing source of income based on the volume of saltwater disposed of on their land. Ohio's saltwater disposal leases are essential for both the energy industry and landowners, as they ensure responsible and lawful practices in disposing of saltwater. These arrangements protect the environment, prevent contamination of water resources, and provide financial benefits to property owners. It is crucial for both parties to understand the terms and obligations stated in the lease agreement to maintain a mutually beneficial and sustainable relationship.
Ohio Salt Water Disposal Lease
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Underground injection wells, where water and/or other substances are injected into the Earth, are used for a wide variety of purposes. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates around 850,000 underground injection wells through its Underground Injection Control program under the Safe Drinking Water Act.
Ohio Administrative Code 15-3-05(A)(1) requires that the surface casing be set at least 50 feet through the deepest USDW and is cemented to surface.
A typical injection well consists of concentric pipes, which extend several thousand feet down from the surface level into highly saline, permeable injection zones that are confined vertically by impermeable strata.
Class II wells are used only to inject fluids associated with oil and natural gas production. Class II fluids are primarily brines (salt water) that are brought to the surface while producing oil and gas. It is estimated that over 2 billion gallons of fluids are injected in the United States every day.
A disposal well is often a depleted oil or gas well, into which waste fluids can be injected for safe disposal. A by-product of oil and gas production is water that was either trapped in the same deep formations, was injected to stimulate a formation (hydraulic fracturing), or was injected to enhance oil recovery.
As of May 2020, Ohio had 226 active injection wells, 57 additional wells permitted, and eight wells being drilled, ing to ODNR figures in the petition. Ohio receives much of its waste from out of state, primarily Pennsylvania and West Virginia.
An injection well is used to place fluid underground into porous geologic formations. These underground formations may range from deep sandstone or limestone, to a shallow soil layer. Injected fluids may include water, wastewater, brine (salt water), or water mixed with chemicals.
A salt water disposal (SWD) well is a disposal site for water produced as a result of the oil and gas extraction process. Produced water, also referred to as salt water, contains particulate which can cause problems for the pump bringing water into the well.