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Adverse possession in Puerto Rico allows an individual to claim ownership of land after continuous and open use for a specified period. This process requires the possessor to act as if they own the property, including paying property taxes. If you are exploring options regarding literary rights, knowing about adverse possession helps illustrate the various property laws that may affect your investments.
Act 20 and Act 22 were enacted in Puerto Rico in 2012 to promote the exportation of services by companies and individuals providing such services from Puerto Rico and the relocation of high-net-worth individuals to Puerto Rico.
To get started, you can hire an attorney to file the paperwork for Act 22, or, you can file yourself through Puerto Rico's Single Business Portal.
Puerto Ricans are also covered by a group of "fundamental civil rights" but, since Puerto Rico is not a state, Puerto Ricans are not covered by the full American Bill of Rights.
The idea was that Puerto Rico needed to be able to levy local income tax and the population of Puerto Rico would not be able to pay both federal and local taxes. The federal government therefore allowed residents of Puerto Rico to earn wages in Puerto Rico without paying federal income tax on those wages.
As such, the island of Puerto Rico is neither a sovereign nation nor a U.S. state. Because of that ambiguity, the territory, as a polity, lacks certain rights but enjoys certain benefits that other polities have or lack.
Under Internal Revenue Code (IRC) §933, Puerto Rican source income is excluded from U.S. federal tax. Two laws, enacted by Puerto Rico in 2012, introduced major tax incentives to promote foreign investments. These were Act 20 and Act 22. In other words, income made in Puerto Rico receives advantageous tax treatment.
When Puerto Rico became a US territory, it incorporated the common law system. This created a mixed legal system in which common law and civil law are blended. This system is what prevails today. Civil law is applied for family law, divorce, child custody, real property law, and contractual law, among others.
In addition, the Supreme Court long ago decided that fundamental personal rights declared in the Constitution apply to citizens of U.S. territories.
Puerto Rico is an unincorporated territory of the United States. Most but not all federal laws apply to Puerto Rico. In addition to the U.S. Constitution, which is the supreme law of the U.S., federal laws include statutes that are periodically codified in the U.S. Code.