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If the issue of competency is raised, the court determines through informal inquiry whether there is evidence from any source (e.g., observations of the defendant's behavior or information from a credible source that the defendant may be incompetent) to support a finding of incompetency.
Under California Penal Code Section 1368 PC, a judge or attorney can question the defendant's competency to stand trial. If the judge questions the competency of the defendant, the defendant's attorney can request time to form his or her own opinion.
Competence is determined by a judge [1][2][3]. This legal determination is never determined by medical providers.
In Texas, competency to be executed is governed by Article 46.05 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. A person is incompetent to be executed if he does not understand 1) that he is to be executed and that the execution is imminent, and 2) the reason he is being executed.
At the competency hearing, the defense has the burden to prove that the accused is incompetent. Defense counsel can try and prove this using: medical reports and psychological evaluations, the defendant's statements, and.
A judge will evaluate competency on a case-by-case basis, usually with the assistance of psychologists. They have the authority to order that a defendant take medication to address a condition if this would make them competent. A judge will need to determine competency early in the process, as soon as it is raised.
In a competency hearing, the case will be sent over to a mental health court for evaluation. Usually, a psychiatrist is appointed to evaluate the defendant to decide whether they are competent to stand trial.
INCOMPETENCY; PRESUMPTIONS. (a) A person is incompetent to stand trial if the person does not have: (1) sufficient present ability to consult with the person's lawyer with a reasonable degree of rational understanding; or (2) a rational as well as factual understanding of the proceedings against the person.