False Income Tax Return — Return Was Materially False is a type of tax fraud that occurs when an individual or business intentionally omits or misrepresents information on their tax return to reduce their tax liability or increase their refund. This type of fraud can be intentional or unintentional. Intentional false returns are usually done to avoid paying taxes and can be classified as criminal fraud punishable by fines, jail time, and other penalties. Unintentional false returns are usually due to an honest mistake or misunderstanding of the tax code and are typically handled by the IRS with penalties and interest. There are two main types of False Income Tax Return — Return Was Materially False: 1. Underreporting Income: This type of false return occurs when taxpayers do not report all of their income, or they understate the amount of income they received. This can include income from investments, wages, and other sources. 2. Claiming Excessive Deductions: This type of false return occurs when taxpayers attempt to claim deductions that they are not entitled to. This can include deductions for medical expenses, charitable contributions, and other expenses.