Justification (Necessity) is the process of providing reasons, evidence, or facts in order to explain why a decision or action is necessary. This is usually done in order to convince another party of the validity of the decision or action. There are two main types of justification: moral justification and legal justification. Moral justification is based on ethical principles and norms that are accepted within a given society. This type of justification is used to provide a logical and ethical explanation for a decision or action. Legal justification is based on a law or other regulations and is used to explain a decision or action taken within the framework of the legal system. This type of justification is used to prove that a decision or action is in compliance with the law.
Justification (Necessity)
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FAQ
The defense of necessity may apply when an individual commits a criminal act during an emergency situation in order to prevent a greater harm from happening. In such circumstances, our legal system typically excuses the individual's criminal act because it was justified, or finds that no criminal act has occurred.
Foundationalism ? Basic beliefs justify other, non-basic beliefs. Epistemic coherentism ? Beliefs are justified if they cohere with other beliefs a person holds, each belief is justified if it coheres with the overall system of beliefs. Infinitism ? Beliefs are justified by infinite chains of reasons.
The first, is that the defendant must reasonably believe there is an actual imminent threat. The second element, is that the defendant had no other reasonable alternatives to avoid the harm. The third element for necessity, is that the harm avoided must be greater than the harm caused by committing the crime.
Necessity is generally held to be a justification, while duress is considered an excuse. A person acting under necessity chooses to act in a way that the law seems to approve and encourage, presumably for utilitarian reasons.
At common law, the necessity defense, a form of justification, permitted defendants to avoid criminal liability by appealing to a ?balancing of evils.? If the defendant demonstrated that he perpetrated his crime in order to avert a greater evil, he would be acquitted.
Necessity is typically used as a defense when a defendant commits a crime during an emergency. He or she intends to prevent more harm from occurring. When necessity is proven, it increases the likelihood the court will consider the action justified and excuse the crime.