A Record of the Number of Grand Jurors Concurring in an Indictment is a legal document that records the number of grand jurors that voted in favor of an indictment. It is used as evidence to demonstrate that the grand jury found sufficient cause to file an indictment against a person or entity. The record typically contains the names of the grand jurors and the number of votes for and against the indictment. In some jurisdictions, the record may also include the names of any grand jurors who abstained from voting. There are two types of Record of the Number of Grand Jurors Concurring in an Indictment: a signed record and an unsigned record. A signed record is a record that is signed by the grand jury foreperson and/or all the grand jurors. An unsigned record is a record that is not signed by any of the grand jurors but is still considered legally binding.
Record of the Number of Grand Jurors Concurring in an Indictment
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FAQ
Although grand juries and trial juries are both made up of average people who were called for jury duty, they serve entirely different purposes. A grand jury helps determine whether charges should be brought against a suspect, while a trial jury renders a verdict at the criminal trial itself.
A person can be tried only upon the indictment as found by the grand jury, and especially upon its language found in the charging part of the instrument. A change in the indictment that does not narrow its scope deprives the court of the power to try the accused.
A Grand Jury derives its name from the fact that it usually has a greater number of jurors than a trial (petit) jury. One of the earliest concepts of Grand Juries dates back to early Greece where the Athenians used an accusatory body. In early Briton, the Saxons also used something similar to a Grand Jury System.
The role of the grand jury in civil investigations presents an interesting twist: the original (English) grand juries served to aid the government in finding and prosecuting private citizens' misdeeds; now, these juries investigate and accuse public figures, defending individual citizens' rights and expectations.
A constant criticism of the grand jury system is that the jurors lack legal knowledge, so they cannot decide if there is enough evidence for an indictment. One counter argument to this is that trial or petit jurors do not receive any formal training either (Hoffmeister, 2008).
Voting. If?after weighing all the evidence presented to it?the jurors believe that the evidence would warrant your criminal conviction by a trial jury, it may issue an indictment against you. The vote of the jurors does not need to be unanimous for an indictment to be issued.
If your testimony could be conceivably used to prosecute you, even if such prosecution would not be meritorious, you can invoke the fifth.
The protection of whistleblowers is one of the primary reasons for the confidential nature of the grand jury's work. Grand juries may charge public officials of "willful or corrupt misconduct in office." The accusation is tried as if it were an indictment, and may not be dismissed for political or extra-legal motives.