Civil Rights — 42 U.S.C. Sec. 1983 Claim— - Supervisor Liability (Incorporate into Instructions for Claims against Individual Defendants) is a federal statute that provides a private right of action to individuals who have been deprived of their constitutional rights by state actors. This statute allows individuals to bring a claim against an individual defendant, such as a supervisor, for the deprivation of their rights. Generally, the plaintiff must prove that the supervisor had knowledge of the unconstitutional action and that the supervisor had the power to prevent or stop the action, but failed to do so. Supervisor liability under Sec. 1983 typically involves two distinct types of claims: direct liability and indirect liability. Direct liability indicates that the supervisor personally participated in the unconstitutional act or had a direct responsibility for the deprivation of rights. Indirect liability indicates that the supervisor created or implemented a policy or custom that resulted in the deprivation of rights. In either case, the plaintiff must prove that the supervisor had knowledge of the unconstitutional action and had the power to prevent or stop it, but failed to do so.