Deliberate Ignorance as Proof of Knowledge is a legal doctrine that allows a defendant to use their lack of knowledge as evidence that they were not involved in a crime. This doctrine is also known as "willful blindness" or "conscious avoidance". It is based on the idea that people should not be able to evade responsibility for criminal activities they were aware of, or could have been aware of if they had made a reasonable effort to investigate the facts. There are two types of Deliberate Ignorance as Proof of Knowledge. The first is "Actual Knowledge", which requires the defendant to have direct knowledge of the facts of the crime. The second is "Constructive Knowledge", which requires the defendant to have facts that lead to a reasonable belief that a crime was being committed. In either case, the defendant must demonstrate that they had made a conscious effort to avoid knowing the facts. In order for Deliberate Ignorance as Proof of Knowledge to be effective, the court must be able to prove that the defendant was aware of facts that would have led to a reasonable belief that a crime was being committed, and was taking steps to avoid learning the truth.
Deliberate Ignorance as Proof of Knowledge
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Ralph Hertwig: To give an example, if somebody takes an HIV test and then decides that they do not want to know the result and has unprotected sex, most of us would consider this to be morally highly problematic. In this case, the person who is deliberately ignorant would accept that they might be harming others.
Deliberate ignorance can be defined as the willful decision not to know the answer to a question of personal interest, even if the answer is free, that is, with no search costs.
Terminology. Willful blindness or wilful blindness is sometimes called ignorance of law, willful ignorance, contrived ignorance, conscious avoidance, intentional ignorance or Nelsonian knowledge.
Ignorance Examples Saying that scientific facts are a hoax.Believing in conspiracy theories.Behaving negatively about culture and ethnicity.Taking the word of a guru as truth.Accepting rumor as truth.Being gullible to real hoaxes.Maintaining ancient beliefs that have no scientific backing.
Our findings reveal a diverse range of reasons for deliberate ignorance, including regulation of negative emotions, avoidance of personal conflict, scepticism about the information compiled, and rejection of the victorious political system's authority over the files.