12.8 ADA-Undue Hardship is a defense under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) that allows employers to deny accommodation to an employee with a disability if they can prove that the accommodation would cause them significant difficulty or expense. This type of defense can be used in situations where an accommodation would require the employer to significantly alter their operations or incur significant costs. Examples of accommodations that could potentially be denied due to undue hardship include making a workplace wheelchair accessible, providing a sign language interpreter, or making physical changes to a workspace. There are two types of undue hardship defense under the ADA: financial and operational. Financial undue hardship occurs when an employer can prove that the cost of providing accommodation is too great to be reasonable or practical. Operational undue hardship occurs when an employer can prove that providing the accommodation would cause a significant disruption to the business.