3.7 Deadlocked Jury refers to a situation in which the members of a jury are unable to come to a unanimous verdict. This can happen when jurors are divided on a decision, or when they are unable to reach a unanimous consensus on the case. Deadlocked juries can occur in both criminal and civil trials. There are three types of deadlocked juries: mistrial, hung jury, and directed verdict. A mistrial occurs when a jury is unable to reach a unanimous verdict after several hours or days of deliberation. A hung jury occurs when the jurors are unable to break the deadlock and reach a verdict after several hours or days of deliberation. A directed verdict occurs when the judge ends the deliberation process and instructs the jury to return a particular verdict.
3.7 Deadlocked Jury
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For the defendant, a hung jury may mean that they have not been found guilty, but it also means that the case could be retried, leading to additional stress and cost. For the prosecution, a hung jury means that they have failed to secure a conviction, which can be a blow to their case and reputation.
If a jury is unable to reach a unanimous verdict and results in a hung jury, the case may be retried with a new jury. If the second jury is also unable to reach a verdict, the judge may declare a mistrial.
A study by the National Center for State Courts showed that 1 in 10 of all cases that go to court end up as mistrial. Of the 10 percent that are mistrials, a little more than half are due to hung juries.
If the jury still cannot reach a verdict after further deliberation, the judge can declare a mistrial due to the hung jury. A mistrial means that the defendant is neither convicted or acquitted.
If there is a hung jury, the judge may order the jurors to deliberate further. This is known as an Allen charge and is generally only given once or twice. Often, juries will report that they are deadlocked after only deliberating for a short period of time.
A deadlocked jury might occasionally portend good news for the defendant. For instance, the prosecution might decide not to retry the case if 11 jurors voted for acquittal and only one juror chose to convict. As a result, the case can be dropped, or the defendant might get a plea deal.
Juries hung on the first count of the indict- ment (generally the most serious charge) in 10 percent of cases and on at least one count charged in 13 percent of cases.
Generally, it is rare for a hung jury to occur, let alone occur twice for the same proceeding. Often, juries will report that they are deadlocked after only deliberating for a short period of time. If there is a hung jury, the judge may order the jurors to deliberate further.