Utah Jury Instruction — 1.9.4.2 Joint Employers provides guidance for determining the liability of joint employers in Utah. Joint employment refers to a situation where two or more employers share control and supervision over an employee's work and therefore may be jointly responsible for any legal obligations arising from that employment relationship. In Utah, there are different types of joint employers that may be addressed under this instruction, namely: 1. Joint Employers — Co-Employers: This type of joint employment occurs when two or more employers share control over an employee's work, such as setting working hours, supervising tasks, or providing job instructions. Both employers may be held liable for any violations of employment laws or regulations. 2. Joint Employers — Vertical Employment Relationship: This type of joint employment arises when there is a relationship between a direct employer (such as a staffing agency, contracting company, or subcontractor) and an intermediate employer (such as a contractor or subcontractor). This instruction helps determine if both the direct and intermediate employers may be considered joint employers and share liability for any employment-related claims. 3. Joint Employers — Horizontal Employment Relationship: In some cases, multiple employers may be involved in a single employment relationship, such as when an employee is jointly employed by two or more related entities. This instruction allows the jury to assess whether these employers should be treated as joint employers and thus be jointly responsible for any employment obligations. Utah Jury Instruction — 1.9.4.2 Joint Employers plays a crucial role in cases where there is uncertainty about the employer's identity or responsibility for employment-related claims. It provides clear guidance to the jury in determining whether multiple entities should be considered joint employers and held accountable for any employment law violations. Understanding the different types of joint employers explained in this instruction is essential for both employers and employees involved in such legal disputes.