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A defendant has 30 days from the date when they receive the plaintiff's petition or complaint to remove the case to federal court. A case that is not removable when it is first filed can become removable later if the plaintiff adds new claims, joins more defendants, or increases the amount in controversy.
In order to remove a case to federal court, the federal court must have subject matter jurisdiction over the matter. If there is no federal jurisdiction, the case cannot be removed. Generally speaking, a case can be removed to federal court if it could have been filed in federal court by the plaintiff.
Once a case has been removed from state to federal court, the state court no longer has jurisdiction over the matter, though a federal court can remand a case to state court.A plaintiff can also move to have the case remanded to state court if the plaintiff does not believe federal jurisdiction exists.
The transfer of a person or thing from one place to another. The transfer of a case from one court to another. An important exception to this rule is the defendant's right, in some circumstances, to have a case removed from a state court to a federal court.Federal law explains this right of removal in detail.
A notice of removal is signed by the defendants and filed in federal court to begin the process of transferring the civil action from state court to federal court.In such a case, the defendant or defendants may remove the case to the federal district court for the district and division in which the action is pending.
The notice of removal of a civil action or proceeding shall be filed within 30 days after the receipt by the defendant, through service or otherwise, of a copy of the initial pleading setting forth the claim for relief upon which such action or proceeding is based, or within 30 days after the service of summons upon
The magic trick for plaintiffs seeking to avoid removal of their case to federal court is to plead only state claims (to avoid federal question removal) and sue at least one party from the same state (to avoid diversity removal).
Promptly after the filing of such notice of removal of a civil action the defendant or defendants shall give written notice thereof to all adverse parties and shall file a copy of the notice with the clerk of such State court, which shall effect the removal and the State court shall proceed no further unless and until
So why would a defendant want to remove the case to federal court? Well, removing a case may alleviate certain concerns about prejudice or bias against an out-of-state defendant. Removal also allows the parties to use federal procedural rules instead of state rules.