Virgin Islands Geophysical and Seismic Operations

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Virgin Islands Geophysical and Seismic Operations refer to the various activities conducted in the Virgin Islands region to collect data and study the geological and seismic characteristics of the area. These operations involve the use of advanced technologies and techniques to gather information about the Earth's structure, sediment layers, subsurface features, and seismic activity. Geophysical operations in the Virgin Islands comprise a range of methods and approaches, including gravity surveys, magnetic surveys, electrical surveys, and seismic surveys. Each technique serves specific purposes and provides valuable insights into the island's geology and subsurface conditions. 1. Gravity surveys: Gravity surveys measure the variations in gravitational pull across the Virgin Islands. This data helps geoscientists understand the density and distribution of rocks and other subsurface structures, aiding in identifying potential hydrocarbon reserves or geological hazards. 2. Magnetic surveys: Through the use of magnetometers, magnetic surveys assess the magnetic properties of the rocks and minerals beneath the Virgin Islands. This information assists in mapping subsurface structures, identifying key formations, and understanding the tectonic history and processes in the region. 3. Electrical surveys: Electrical surveys employ electrodes to measure the electrical resistivity of underlying rocks. By mapping variations in resistivity, geophysicists can identify variations in lithology, fluid content, and the presence of potential mineral deposits or aquifers. 4. Seismic surveys: Seismic surveys involve generating and recording sound waves (seismic waves) to understand the Earth's subsurface structure. This technique evaluates the velocity, reflectivity, and attenuation of seismic waves as they propagate through different rock layers, enabling the identification of potential oil and gas reservoirs or potential earthquake-prone zones. Within seismic operations, various types of surveys can be conducted, such as: — Reflection Seismic Surveys: These use energy sources and sensors placed on the seabed or land to measure the reflections of seismic waves from different layers beneath the Virgin Islands. This technique provides detailed information about the subsurface structure, including faults, rock formations, and other geological features. — Refraction Seismic Surveys: Refraction seismic surveys measure the bending (refraction) of seismic waves as they pass through layers of varying velocity. This method helps determine the depth and configuration of subsurface rock layers and assists in assessing the geotechnical properties of the region. — Marine Seismic Surveys: These surveys are conducted in the surrounding seas and coastal areas of the Virgin Islands. Marine seismic operations involve specialized equipment, such as airguns or hydrophones towed behind ships, to generate and record seismic waves. This technique provides crucial data on the offshore geology, including the potential presence of oil and gas reserves. In summary, Virgin Islands Geophysical and Seismic Operations encompass a range of techniques, such as gravity, magnetic, electrical, and seismic surveys. These methods assist in understanding the geology, subsurface structures, lithology, and seismic activity of the Virgin Islands region, contributing to geological research, resource exploration, hazard assessment, and infrastructure development.

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Earthquakes occur regularly in the Virgin Islands. The eastward shifting Caribbean plate grinds against the westward moving North American plate, just north of the Virgin Islands along the Puerto Rican Trench. Generally, the quakes are too small for people to notice, and they do not cause tsunamis.

The U.S.Virgin Islands are part of the Greater Antilles that lies parallel to the Puerto Rico Trench; an oblique subduction zone where the North American Plate is underthrusted beneath the Caribbean Plate along the Lesser Antilles subduction zone transits to strike-slip along the Septentrional-Oriente fault zone.

The continental segment of the North American?Caribbean plate boundary is expressed as the Motagua?Polochic fault system (Fig. 3). This sinistral fault system is made up of two dominant faults, the Motagua fault in the southeast and the Polochic fault in the northwest of the fault zone.

Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands are located at an active plate boundary between the North American plate and the northeast corner of the Caribbean plate. Plate movements have caused large magnitude earthquakes and devastating tsunamis.

Although tsunamis are infrequent in the USVI, several active tectonic sources capable of producing powerful tsunamis lie in close proximity to the Territory. The location of the source relative to the Territory is important for understanding how quickly waves will arrive onshore and the impacts they will have.

A long process of undersea mountain building and uplift brought submarine ridges and peaks to the surface. This was followed by periods of explosive volcanism, alternated with periods of coral reef deposits, changing sea levels and future intrusion, creating the island we call St. John today.

The geology of the U.S. Virgin Islands includes mafic volcanic rocks, with complex mineralogy that first began to erupt in the Mesozoic overlain and interspersed with carbonate and conglomerate units.

Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands are located at an active plate boundary between the North American plate and the northeast corner of the Caribbean plate. Plate movements have caused large magnitude earthquakes and devastating tsunamis.

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Sep 1, 1999 — Analyze prehistoric tsunami deposits. Collect accurate, up-to-date, near-shore topography and bathymetry for accurate inundation models. Prepare ... In the Puerto Rico Seismic Network (PRSN), digital and analog records (seismograms) are processed. The first step, before starting the processing of the ...Oct 4, 2018 — Volcanic rocks on St. John give clues to the island's geologic origins. The oldest rocks on St. John can be seen at south shore's Ram Head. NPS ... by EL Geist · 2021 · Cited by 4 — Abstract On-fault earthquake magnitude distributions are calculated for northern Caribbean faults using estimates of fault slip and regional ... Site investigation methods for seismic reflection surveying, seismic data processing, and measuring dynamic soil properties are among the most rapidly evolving ... by I Jany · 1990 · Cited by 61 — St Croix and Virgin Islands Basins are pull-apart basins created in a right-lateral strike-slip environment based on their rhomboidal shape and seismic data ( ... Dec 17, 2019 — Data Release for the 2003 Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands Seismic Hazard Model · Dates · Citation · Summary · Summary · Contacts · Attached Files. Nov 5, 2023 — The publication is continually updated and maintained from inspections conducted by NOAA survey vessels and field parties, corrections published. Jan 12, 2018 — With its contingency of operations plan in place, PRSN was able to transfer earthquake monitoring to the National Earthquake Information Center ... Feb 15, 2018 — The purpose of this document is to summarize the in situ physical properties of soil and rock that can be measured by different geophysical.

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Virgin Islands Geophysical and Seismic Operations