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In this diagram of an autocollimator, the angle of the y-axis mirror displacement ( ? ) is calculated using the formula ? = ?y/2f where f = focal length of the autocollimator.

A visual autocollimator can measure angles as small as 1 arcsecond (4.85 microradians), while an electronic autocollimator can have up to 100 times more resolution. Visual autocollimators are often used for aligning laser rod ends and checking the face parallelism of optical windows and wedges.

An autocollimator is an optical instrument that is used to measure small angles with very high sensitivity. The autocollimator has a wide variety of applications including precision alignment, detection of angular movement, verification of angle standards, and angular monitoring over long periods.

They are typically used to align components and measure deflections in optical or mechanical systems. An autocollimator works by projecting an image onto a target mirror and measuring the deflection of the returned image against a scale, either visually or by means of an electronic detector.

Collimators are available surplus and can be used to check infinity focus. If a light source is not supplied behind the reticule, add one. Autocollimators are a collimator with a reflex viewing system and a light source that projects the reticule infinity image on the film or a mirror at the film plane.

The basic principle of an autocollimator is simple: one directs a collimated beam, which by definition has a small beam divergence, to a flat reflecting object (a mirror) and detects the angular position of the reflected light, which typically needs to be close to direct back-reflection.

In this diagram of an autocollimator, the angle of the y-axis mirror displacement ( ? ) is calculated using the formula ? = ?y/2f where f = focal length of the autocollimator.

WASHINGTON The angular resolution of a telescope is the smallest angle between two objects that still can be resolved as separate things; in a telescope with high angular resolution, those objects can be very close together and yet still appear distinct.

Since 1 radian = 57.3 degrees, and 1 degree = 3600 arcseconds, the resolution is 0.000000069 radians x (57.3 degrees/radian) x (3600 arcseconds/1 degree) = 0.014 arcseconds. One thousand milliarcsecond = 1 arcseconds, so the resolution is 0.014 arcsecond x (1000 milliarcsecond / arcsecond) = 14 milliarcseconds.

In order to increase the resolution (d=03bb/2 NA), the specimen must be viewed using either shorter wavelength (03bb) light or through an imaging medium with a relatively high refractive index or with optical components which have a high NA (or, indeed, a combination of all of these factors).