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Finance type lease may not qualify under I.R.S. regulations for deductibility. The lessee is considered the owner of the equipment (unlike an FMV lease) and maintains full control of the residual value. The lessee can depreciate the equipment.

Capital/finance lease vs. operating lease criteria Transfer of title/ownership to the lessee. A purchase option the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise. Lease term is over a major part of the economic life of the asset. Present value equals or exceeds substantially all of the fair value of the asset.

Under the new standard, lessees are required to account operating leases with terms longer than 12 months on the balance sheet, resulting in the recognition of a right-of-use asset and the corresponding liability.

Similar to ASC 840, the prior lease accounting standard, ASC 842 uses a two-model approach for lessees; each lease is classified as either a finance lease or an operating lease. This applies to all leased asset categories covered under the standard, including leases of equipment and real estate.

Key takeaways. A lessor is the owner of an asset that is leased, or rented, to another party, known as the lessee. Lessors and lessees enter into a binding contract, known as the lease agreement, that spells out the terms of their arrangement.

Accounting by lessors The following principles should be applied in the financial statements of lessors: at commencement of the lease term, the lessor should record a finance lease in the balance sheet as a receivable, at an amount equal to the net investment in the lease [IAS 17.36]

In a finance lease agreement, ownership of the asset is transferred to the lessee at the end of the lease term. In contrast, in an operating lease agreement, the ownership of the asset remains during and after the lease term with the leasing company. Flexible payments are one of the benefits of a finance lease.