Protect Text Charter For Free

Part Two of this series shows that Article 51 reflects an exception to the authority of the Security Council to take collective measures involving the use of force to suppress acts of aggression and maintain international peace and security. Article 2(4) contains an exception for such collective measures.

Article 55 universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion.

What is the meaning of "armed attack" in Article 51 UN Charter? "Armed attack" includes all types of armed force. "Armed attack" includes all high intensity instances of armed force.

Article 8 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights states: Everyone has the right to the protection of personal data concerning him or her. Such data must be processed fairly for specified purposes and on the basis of the consent of the person concerned or some other legitimate basis laid down by law.

Article 51 Nothing in the present Charter shall impair the inherent right of individual or collective self-defence if an armed attack occurs against a Member of the United Nations, until the Security Council has taken measures necessary to maintain international peace and security.

Article 2(4) prohibits the use of force, while Article 51 permits self-defense. On the standard view, a grave violation of Article 2(4) triggers Article 51, while Article 51 creates an exception to Article 2(4).

Article 107 Nothing in the present Charter shall invalidate or preclude action, in relation to any state which during the Second World War has been an enemy of any signatory to the present Charter, taken or authorized as a result of that war by the Governments having responsibility for such action.