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The graphic log is essentially a graph with a vertical axis representing thickness and a horizontal axis showing grain size. b. The vertical scale varies with the level of detail required, as well as the project objectives. (A typical scale may be 4 cm of log per 1 m of rock.)

Sedimentary texture encompasses three fundamental properties of sedimentary rocks: grain size, grain shape (form, roundness, and surface texture [microrelief] of grains), and fabric (grain packing and orientation). Grain size and shape are properties of individual grains. Fabric is a property of grain aggregates.

Sedimentary rocks are made up of particles of different sizes, shapes, and compositions held together by a matrix material of cement or other finer particles. The nature of the particles and the matrix determines many of the important behaviors of the rock, such as strength, durability, and susceptibility to moisture.

Sedimentary rocks are formed from pre-existing rocks or pieces of once-living organisms. They form from deposits that accumulate on the Earth's surface. Sedimentary rocks often have distinctive layering or bedding.

The geological graphic log starts life as a graph with an x-axis and y-axis. The vertical y-axis shows the thickness of the beds (layers of rock) from bottom to top working up, and the horizontal x-axis shows the particle size in those layers, getting coarser (bigger) from left to right.

Sedimentary logs are both primary records of observations for stratigraphy and sedimentology and essential ways of recording where data was collected from for more specialised studies in for instance geochemistry, palaeontology, or palaeomagnetism.

A geologic column is a record of the rock layers in a particular area across geologic time. They are made through observations of the rock, either at outcrops in the field, or of drilling cores in the laboratory. The thickness, features, and age of each layer is determined and depicted in the column.