At one time all ?ˆ?clergy?ˆ were considered self-employed; however, in the mid 1980?ˆ™s the IRS decided to declare such ministers ?ˆ?employees?ˆ of the church . Most pastors should be considered employees. They typically have a governing council they work with or for to determine to work to be performed (which is one of the criteria the IRS uses to determine the status of a person). Exceptions to this would be supply pastors or missionaries who travel from church to church filling in or working for short periods Misclassification of workers is a big issue with churches and the IRS, so be very certain you have properly classified your clergy and other workers such as musicians, nursery workers, and, custodians. A member of the clergy is considered an employee for federal income tax purposes and self-employed for Social Security and Medicare purposes. See Topic 417 - Earnings for Clergy at https://www.irs.gov/taxtopics/tc417.html