Kings New York Jury Instruction — Fraud In Connection With Counterfeit Credit Cards Or Other Access Devices is a legal guideline provided to juries in Kings County, New York, to understand and determine cases related to fraud involving counterfeit credit cards or other unauthorized access devices. This instruction aims to guide jurors in comprehending the elements of the crime, evaluating evidence, and ultimately reaching a fair and just verdict. Fraud cases concerning counterfeit credit cards or unauthorized access devices are prevalent in today's technologically advanced world. Criminals exploit these devices to obtain financial gains or personal information illegally. Therefore, it is crucial for juries to be well-informed about the types of frauds associated with such counterfeit cards or access devices. The following are some types of frauds covered under this instruction: 1. Credit Card Fraud: This type of fraud involves the unauthorized use of a counterfeit credit card or a valid credit card without the owner's knowledge or consent. Criminals clone or counterfeit credit cards to make unauthorized transactions, often causing financial loss to individuals or institutions. 2. Identity Theft: Identity theft occurs when criminals use counterfeit credit cards or access devices to steal personal information, such as social security numbers or passwords. They may then use this stolen information to commit fraudulent activities, such as applying for loans or making purchases under the victim's name. 3. Skimming: Skimming is a fraudulent technique where criminals use devices to steal credit card information. These devices are often discreetly installed on legitimate card readers found at ATMs, gas stations, or retail stores. When individuals swipe their cards, the skimming device captures the card data, allowing criminals to create counterfeit cards with the stolen information. 4. Card Not Present Fraud: This type of fraud involves using stolen credit card information for online purchases or over the phone where the physical card is not required for the transaction. Criminals may obtain credit card data through phishing scams or data breaches and then use it to make unauthorized transactions. In cases alleging fraud in connection with counterfeit credit cards or other access devices, jurors should carefully evaluate the evidence and consider factors such as the defendant's intent, the presence or absence of valid authorization, and the financial harm caused to victims. The jury instruction provides a comprehensive framework to guide jurors through the complex nature of these cases, ensuring a fair trial and justice for all parties involved.