Orange, California is a vibrant city located in Orange County, California, United States. It offers a unique blend of history, culture, and modern amenities, making it a popular destination for both residents and tourists. One significant aspect of Orange County's legislation is Article 13 — Dissenters' Rights. This legal provision ensures that shareholders who disagree with certain corporate actions have the right to be compensated for their shares at fair market value. Dissenters' Rights, as stipulated in Article 13, aims to protect minority shareholders' interests in Orange County, granting them the option to oppose specific corporate actions and receive just compensation for their shares. This statutory protection ensures that shareholders are not forced to remain invested against their will or sell their shares at an unfair price. Depending on the context and situation, there are various types of dissenters' rights recognized under Article 13 in Orange, California. Some common types include: 1. Dissenters' rights for mergers and acquisitions: When a company plans to merge or be acquired by another entity, dissenters' rights allow minority shareholders to exercise their right to dissent and receive appropriate compensation for their shares. 2. Dissenters' rights for amendments to articles of incorporation: If a company's management decides to make significant changes to its articles of incorporation, dissenters' rights enable minority shareholders to oppose these amendments and receive fair compensation for their shares. 3. Dissenters' rights for reclassifying or restricting shares: In situations where a company aims to change the classification or restriction status of its shares, dissenters' rights offer minority shareholders the opportunity to challenge these actions and be compensated fairly if they choose to dissent. 4. Dissenters' rights for sale or lease of assets: When a company intends to sell or lease a substantial portion of its assets, dissenters' rights authorize minority shareholders to express their disagreement and receive just compensation for their shares. It's important to note that Orange, California adheres to these dissenters' rights as specified in Article 13, emphasizing shareholders' protection and fair treatment in corporate decision-making processes. These legal provisions are crucial in ensuring that minority shareholders in Orange County have a voice and the ability to safeguard their interests when confronted with significant corporate actions.