King Washington Memorandum of Subsurface Underground Carbon Dioxide Storage Lease and Agreement

State:
Multi-State
County:
King
Control #:
US-OG-1039
Format:
Word; 
Rich Text
Instant download

Description

This form is a memorandum of subsurface underground carbon dioxide storage lease and agreement.

Description: The King Washington Memorandum of Subsurface Underground Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Storage Lease and Agreement serves as a legally binding contract between two parties involved in the storage of carbon dioxide below the surface of the land. This agreement outlines the terms, conditions, and responsibilities related to the use and management of the subsurface storage of CO2 in King Washington. The main objective of this memorandum is to establish a comprehensive framework for the storage and monitoring of CO2 to mitigate climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This agreement promotes the safe and efficient storage of CO2 in designated underground reservoirs, ensuring environmental protection and public safety. Key provisions included in the King Washington Memorandum of Subsurface Underground CO2 Storage Lease and Agreement: 1. Parties: The agreement identifies the parties involved, such as the carbon dioxide storage operator or lessee and the landowner or lessor. 2. Location: The memorandum specifies the precise location and boundaries of the subsurface storage area for CO2. 3. Grant of Lease: This section defines the rights and permissions given to the lessee to store carbon dioxide beneath the land. 4. Storage Operations: It outlines the technical aspects of CO2 storage, including injection, monitoring, and risk assessment protocols. 5. Liability and Indemnification: The agreement outlines the allocation of liabilities and responsibilities between the parties and indemnifies them against any potential damages or accidents. 6. Term and Termination: It defines the lease duration and conditions for early termination, extension, or renewal of the storage lease. 7. Reporting and Monitoring: This section establishes requirements for regular reporting, monitoring, and verification of stored CO2, aiming to ensure compliance with local and federal regulations and standards. 8. Financial Considerations: The agreement may address financial aspects, including upfront payments, royalties, or compensation for land use, and potential financial benefits for the landowner. 9. Confidentiality: This provision ensures the protection of confidential information exchanged between the parties during the storage operations. 10. Governing Law: The agreement specifies the jurisdiction and applicable laws governing the lease and agreement. Different types of Memorandum of Subsurface Underground Carbon Dioxide Storage Lease and Agreement in King Washington may include variations depending on specific project requirements, land characteristics, and regulatory frameworks. These variations may involve modifications in the lease terms, financial arrangements, reporting obligations, or additional provisions for unique circumstances. Keywords: King Washington, Memorandum of Subsurface Underground Carbon Dioxide Storage Lease and Agreement, CO2 storage, carbon dioxide, underground reservoirs, climate change mitigation, greenhouse gas emissions, landowner, lessee, injection, monitoring, risk assessment, liability, indemnification, termination, reporting, monitoring, financial considerations, confidentiality, governing law.

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FAQ

Digging a hole. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a process whereby CO2 is captured from the air and then transported to a storage site which could be, for example, a depleted oil or gas field or a deep rock reservoir beneath the sea.

Mixing layers involve transporting the denser and colder deep ocean water to the surface mixed layer. As the temperature of water in the ocean decreases with depth, more carbon dioxide and other compounds are able to dissolve in the deeper layers.

Studies have shown that CO2 can be safely stored underground, such as in deep, porous rock formations, for thousands of years, and we've even found natural pockets of CO2 that have existed for millions.

The three ways that CO2 could become permanently trapped underground include residual trapping, when CO2 gets trapped in the small gaps between rocks; solubility trapping, which occurs when CO2 dissolves in water; and mineral trapping, the conversion of CO2 into solid mineral.

Studies have shown that CO2 can be safely stored underground, such as in deep, porous rock formations, for thousands of years, and we've even found natural pockets of CO2 that have existed for millions.

The most well-developed approach to storing CO2 is injecting it underground into naturally occurring, porous rock formations such as former natural gas or oil reservoirs, coal beds that can't be mined, or saline aquifers.

At depths below about 800 meters (about 2,600 feet), the natural temperature and fluid pressures are in excess of the critical point of CO2 for most places on Earth. This means that CO2 injected at this depth or deeper will remain in the supercritical condition given the temperatures and pressures present.

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is investigating five types of underground formations for geologic carbon storage: Saline formations. Oil and natural gas reservoirs. Unmineable coal seams.

The three main types of geological storage are oil and gas reservoirs, deep saline formations, and un-minable coal beds. CO2 can for instance be physically trapped under a well-sealed rock layer or in the pore spaces within the rock.

The CO2 storage capacity of hydrocarbon (oil, gas and coal) reservoirs is estimated to be around 800 gigatonnes of CO2. The world's deep saline formations may have a much greater storage capacity than depleted oil and gas fields, although more work needs to be done to assess their full potential for CO2 storage.

More info

Hydraulic fracturing chemicals and wastewater in the subsurface. King County, Washington.Figure 4-22 O2 and CO2 Percentages Versus Time During In Situ Respiration Test. The gas is commonly Nitrogen or Carbon Dioxide. The percentage of gas to the base fluid is referred to as Foam Quality.

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King Washington Memorandum of Subsurface Underground Carbon Dioxide Storage Lease and Agreement